What reflex is characterized by the symmetric abduction and extension of the arms followed by adduction, often with a cry?

The reflex characterized by symmetric abduction and extension of the arms, followed by adduction and often accompanied by a cry, is known as the Moro reflex. This reflex typically occurs in infants and is often triggered by a sudden change in position or a loud noise, provoking responses that may include the infant spreading their arms and legs outwards before bringing them back in.

The Moro reflex is an important indicator of neurological function in infants, and its presence and proper function can provide insight into the infant’s development and maturation of the central nervous system. It tends to disappear as the infant grows, usually resolving by around 4 to 6 months of age, as they gain more control over their movements and start to develop voluntary motor skills.

In contrast, other reflexes listed have different characteristics and serve distinct developmental purposes. For instance, the palmar grasp reflex involves the baby's fingers closing tightly around an object placed in the palm. The asymmetric tonic neck reflex is characterized by the turning of the head to one side and the limbs on that side extending while the opposite limbs flex. Lastly, the plantar grasp reflex is similar to the palmar grasp but occurs in the toes when something touches the sole of the foot. Each reflex has its own timing and developmental significance,